Fixture Units to Pipe Size

Lookup practical drainage pipe size by fixture-unit load for horizontal branches and building drains.

Author

Prof. Priya Venkatesh

Plumbing editorial contributor

Indian theoretical physicist from IIT Bombay with postdoctoral work at CERN, researching dark matter candidates

Reviewed by

Prof. Zara Khan

Plumbing content reviewer

Pakistani-British education researcher at Cambridge, evaluating digital literacy programs in South Asian rural schools

Last updatedFebruary 22, 2026

PublishedFebruary 22, 2026

Building Drain ≤ 2 DFU =

1-1/2 in

Representative value from the Fixture Units to Pipe Size reference table.

Reference Values

Browse 12 reference values with individual detail pages for quick lookup.

Browse all reference values

Fixture Units to Pipe Size Lookup

Select system type and fixture-unit load to estimate minimum drainage pipe size.

Recommended Pipe Size

Reference Table

Use this complete table for quick lookup and internal linking to specific value pages.

Fixture Units to Pipe Size Reference
SystemMax DFUPipe SizeMin Slope (in/ft)
Horizontal Branch31-1/2 in0.25
Horizontal Branch82 in0.25
Horizontal Branch243 in0.125
Horizontal Branch504 in0.125
Horizontal Branch1806 in0.125
Horizontal Branch3908 in0.125
Building Drain21-1/2 in0.25
Building Drain62 in0.25
Building Drain203 in0.125
Building Drain1604 in0.125
Building Drain3606 in0.125
Building Drain7008 in0.125

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about Fixture Units to Pipe Size, formulas, and typical use cases.

What are drainage fixture units (DFU)?

DFU is a plumbing design unit that represents probable drainage load from fixtures and helps size drainage piping.

Why are branch and building drain tables different?

Different parts of the drainage system can have different loading and sizing rules, so lookup limits vary by system type.

Does this replace full plumbing code tables?

No. Use this as a quick planning reference; final design must follow adopted local plumbing code and authority requirements.

Why include minimum slope with pipe size?

Adequate slope is essential for gravity drainage performance and is typically tied to pipe size and code requirements.

Methodology and Review

This page combines a live calculator, precomputed reference values, and FAQ content from the same conversion definition to reduce mismatch between calculator output and lookup tables.

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For compliance-sensitive work, verify final values against project requirements, governing standards, and manufacturer documentation.