Wood Screw Pilot Hole Sizes

Lookup pilot and clearance drill sizes for common wood screw gauges in softwood and hardwood.

Author

Prof. Kenji Tanaka

Woodworking editorial contributor

Japanese materials scientist at Kyoto University, known for breakthroughs in sustainable polymer research

Reviewed by

Prof. Anna Kowalska

Woodworking content reviewer

Polish biostatistician at the University of Warsaw, advancing Bayesian methods for clinical trial design

Last updatedFebruary 22, 2026

PublishedFebruary 22, 2026

#8 wood screw =

0.125 in softwood / 0.1562 in hardwood

Representative value from the Wood Screw Pilot Hole Sizes reference table.

Reference Values

Browse 12 reference values with individual detail pages for quick lookup.

Browse all reference values

Pilot Hole Size Calculator

Select a screw gauge and wood type to get recommended pilot and clearance diameters.

Pilot Hole Result

Reference Table

Use this complete table for quick lookup and internal linking to specific value pages.

Wood Screw Pilot Hole Sizes Reference
Screw GaugeSoftwood Pilot (in)Hardwood Pilot (in)Clearance (in)
#2 wood screw0.06250.07810.0938
#3 wood screw0.07810.09380.1094
#4 wood screw0.09380.10940.125
#5 wood screw0.10940.1250.1406
#6 wood screw0.10940.14060.1562
#7 wood screw0.1250.14060.1719
#8 wood screw0.1250.15620.1719
#9 wood screw0.14060.15620.1875
#10 wood screw0.14060.17190.2031
#12 wood screw0.15620.18750.2188
#14 wood screw0.17190.20310.25
#16 wood screw0.18750.21880.2813

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about Wood Screw Pilot Hole Sizes, formulas, and typical use cases.

Why use different pilot holes for hardwood and softwood?

Hardwoods split more easily, so they usually need a larger pilot hole than softwoods for the same screw gauge.

What is a clearance hole?

A clearance hole is drilled through the top piece so screw threads do not bite that layer, helping pull parts tightly together.

Should I always drill pilot holes?

Pilot holes are strongly recommended near board ends, in hardwoods, and for larger screws to reduce splitting and improve driving accuracy.

Do these values replace manufacturer guidance?

Use these as practical defaults, then adjust to screw type, wood moisture, and manufacturer recommendations for critical work.

Methodology and Review

This page combines a live calculator, precomputed reference values, and FAQ content from the same conversion definition to reduce mismatch between calculator output and lookup tables.

Editorial metadata (author, reviewer, and update date) is rendered on the page and in structured data. See our editorial policy, review process, and corrections policy.

For compliance-sensitive work, verify final values against project requirements, governing standards, and manufacturer documentation.