Wood Screw Pilot Hole Sizes Reference Values

Lookup pilot and clearance drill sizes for common wood screw gauges in softwood and hardwood.

Author

Prof. Kenji Tanaka

Woodworking editorial contributor

Japanese materials scientist at Kyoto University, known for breakthroughs in sustainable polymer research

Reviewed for accuracy by

Prof. Anna Kowalska

Woodworking content reviewer

Polish biostatistician at the University of Warsaw, advancing Bayesian methods for clinical trial design

Last updatedFebruary 22, 2026

PublishedFebruary 22, 2026

On this page

  1. All value pages
  2. Reference table
  3. FAQs
  4. Methodology and review
  5. Related conversions

Reference Value Index

This page lists 12 reference values for quick browsing and lookup.

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All Reference Values

Reference Table

Wood Screw Pilot Hole Sizes reference values
Screw GaugeSoftwood Pilot (in)Hardwood Pilot (in)Clearance (in)
#2 wood screw0.06250.07810.0938
#3 wood screw0.07810.09380.1094
#4 wood screw0.09380.10940.125
#5 wood screw0.10940.1250.1406
#6 wood screw0.10940.14060.1562
#7 wood screw0.1250.14060.1719
#8 wood screw0.1250.15620.1719
#9 wood screw0.14060.15620.1875
#10 wood screw0.14060.17190.2031
#12 wood screw0.15620.18750.2188
#14 wood screw0.17190.20310.25
#16 wood screw0.18750.21880.2813

Frequently Asked Questions

Frequently asked questions for Wood Screw Pilot Hole Sizes and its reference values.

Why use different pilot holes for hardwood and softwood?

Hardwoods split more easily, so they usually need a larger pilot hole than softwoods for the same screw gauge.

What is a clearance hole?

A clearance hole is drilled through the top piece so screw threads do not bite that layer, helping pull parts tightly together.

Should I always drill pilot holes?

Pilot holes are strongly recommended near board ends, in hardwoods, and for larger screws to reduce splitting and improve driving accuracy.

Do these values replace manufacturer guidance?

Use these as practical defaults, then adjust to screw type, wood moisture, and manufacturer recommendations for critical work.

Methodology and Review

Each row on this page links to a value detail page derived from the same conversion data file as the main calculator and reference table. This reduces inconsistencies across page variants.

Editorial metadata and structured data are rendered across the converter page and linked value pages. Review policies are documented in our review process and editorial policy.